abstract：:Although multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an inflammatory demyelinating disease, increasing evidence indicates that it is also an axonal pathology; indeed, studies of experimental allergic encephalitis showed that several neuronal proteins such as synapsins take part in the pathogenesis of the axonal dysfun...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Liguori M,Cittadella R,Manna I,Valentino P,La Russa A,Serra P,Trojano M,Messina D,Ruscica F,Andreoli V,Romeo N,Livrea P,Quattrone A

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of myopathies occurring in critically ill patients (critical illness myopathy, CIM) is poorly understood. Both local and systemic responses to sepsis and other severe insults to the body are presumed to be involved but the precise mechanisms by which muscle function is impaired are far from clear. To ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Friedrich O,Hund E,Weber C,Hacke W,Fink RH

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elective programs for medical students in the last year of their university training are poorly evaluated. The goal of this study was to determine the gain in theoretical and practical skills in a group of students during their elective in neurology. Students were trained by either conventional teaching meth...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Heckmann JG,Bleh C,Dütsch M,Lang CJ,Neundörfer B

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to manganese may induce parkinsonism similar to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, clinical manifestations of manganism also have some features different from PD. The mechanisms of manganese-induced parkinsonism remain not fully understood. (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 is a cocaine analogue that can bi...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Huang CC,Weng YH,Lu CS,Chu NS,Yen TC

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebellar syndrome is one of the most disabling developments in multiple sclerosis (MS). In neurodegenerative disorders, cerebellar syndrome is thought to be related to a neurochemical deficit of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Previous studies found that a levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan, a 5-HT precursor, and ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Monaca-Charley C,Stojkovic T,Duhamel A,De Seze J,Ferriby D,Vermersch P

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Recent advances in genetics and pathophysiology have led to new insights into the pathogenesis of PD. Ten loci have been linked to hereditary PD. Mutations in alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin carboxy hydrolase L1 (UchL1) cause autosomal domi...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Chung KK,Dawson VL,Dawson TM

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been few reports on facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) without 4q35 deletion. Most of them had either only mild FSHD phenotype or so called "borderline" EcoRI-fragments (35-38 kb). We analysed the clinical, electrophysiological, histological and genetic features of 46 consecutive patients from 31 families...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Krasnianski M,Neudecker S,Eger K,Jakubiczka S,Zierz S

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetisation transfer (MT) imaging provides indirect information on tissue structure abnormalities in areas that otherwise may appear normal on conventional MRI. We determined the evolution of MT changes in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and lesion on serial examination of 9 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Laule C,Vavasour IM,Whittall KP,Oger J,Paty DW,Li DK,MacKay AL,Arnold DL

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study of patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissections (sCAD) we searched for mutations in ABCC6, the candidate gene for Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Genomic DNA samples from 12 sCAD patients with pronounced electron microscopic alterations in their dermal connective tissue and from 2 patients with ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Morcher M,Hausser I,Brandt T,Grond-Ginsbach C

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:One of the goals in treating subarachnoid hemorrhage patients is to prevent or minimize vasospasm-induced ischemia. Intracerebral microdialysis is a rapidly developing tool to monitor physiological and pathophysiological changes in chemical processes associated with ischemia. OBJECTIVE:To determine the diag...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Peerdeman SM,van Tulder MW,Vandertop WP

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that neurorehabilitation can reduce disability or improve handicap of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short period (6 weeks) of a tailored, individualised outpatient rehabilitation program in people with progressive MS. A randomised-con...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Patti F,Ciancio MR,Cacopardo M,Reggio E,Fiorilla T,Palermo F,Reggio A,Thompson AJ

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a frequent prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphism consisting of a methionine (M) for valine (V) substitution at codon 129 has been associated with cognitive impairment in elderly individuals. Down syndrome (DS) is associated with mental retardation and development of Alzheimer-like brain abnormalities. In th...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Del Bo R,Comi GP,Giorda R,Crimi M,Locatelli F,Martinelli-Boneschi F,Pozzoli U,Castelli E,Bresolin N,Scarlato G

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-nine cases of both clinically and neuropathologically diagnosed dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) were retrospectively examined for autonomic symptoms. Twenty-eight cases showed some kind of autonomic dysfunction. Urinary incontinence (97 %) and constipation (83 %) were the two most common. Although urinary reten...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Horimoto Y,Matsumoto M,Akatsu H,Ikari H,Kojima K,Yamamoto T,Otsuka Y,Ojika K,Ueda R,Kosaka K

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The association between anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and thrombosis is well recognized, but its role as an independent risk factor for stroke is not. The study's aim was to investigate the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and ischemic vascular events by using both traditional mea...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Caso V,Parnetti L,Panarelli P,Magni MP,Gallai V,Albi E

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Posterior leukoencephalopathy typically denotes neurotoxicity from immunosuppressive agents, malignant hypertension or eclampsia. It has not been documented in central nervous system angiitis. We present three cases associated with isolated cerebral angiitis after review of all cases of isolated CNS angiitis from 1998...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Wijdicks EF,Manno EM,Fulgham JR,Giannini C

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alexander disease (AD) is a rare genetic disorder of the central nervous system due to a dysfunction of astrocytes. The most common infantile form presents as a progressive leukodystrophy with macrocephalus. Recently, heterozygous de novo mutations in the gene encoding glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have been ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Brockmann K,Dechent P,Meins M,Haupt M,Sperner J,Stephani U,Frahm J,Hanefeld F

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation studies with positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) represent a powerful tool to study the functional anatomy of Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation studies offer the opportunity to study regional cerebral function in man in vivo under different conditions with ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Ceballos-Baumann AO

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In vascular dementia (VaD), assessment of cerebral blood flow by single photon emission computed tomography (CBF SPECT) has been used to detect a patchy decrease of blood flow or a frontal reduction. In addition to reduced blood flow, the heterogeneous distribution of cerebral blood flow is often observed in...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Yoshikawa T,Murase K,Oku N,Kitagawa K,Imaizumi M,Takasawa M,Rishu P,Hashikawa K,Nishikawa T,Hori M,Matsumoto M

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Left-handedness is most often genetic, but may also follow early, localised damage to the developing brain. This so-called "pathological" left-handedness syndrome is often associated with right hemisphere speech dominance. To find out whether verbal laterality or handedness were affected by congenital, intracranial ar...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Wester K,Hugdahl K

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nystagmus is a rhythmical rotation of the eyeball. Its characteristics can be defined mathematically by the axis of rotation and the angular velocity around this axis. We analysed the axis of rotation for the nystagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to elucidate its pathophysiology. Thirteen patients w...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Hayashi Y,Kanzaki J,Etoh N,Higashino K,Goto F,Schneider E,Kunihiro T

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analysed the CACNA1A gene, located on chromosome 19p13, in three unrelated families and one sporadic case with episodic ataxia type 2 (EA-2). In two of the families and the sporadic patient, novel truncating mutations, which disrupt the reading frame and result in a premature stop of the CACNA1A protein, were ident...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： van den Maagdenberg AM,Kors EE,Brunt ER,van Paesschen W,Pascual J,Ravine D,Keeling S,Vanmolkot KR,Vermeulen FL,Terwindt GM,Haan J,Frants RR,Ferrari MD

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four patients from three unrelated families, with clinical and electrophysiological findings compatible with the diagnosis of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, are presented. The molecular analysis showed that the affected individuals were homozygous for the mutation in the X25 gene, characteristic of Friedreic...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Panas M,Kalfakis N,Karadima G,Davaki P,Vassilopoulos D

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain metastases occur in 20-40% of patients with cancer and their frequency has increased over time. Lung, breast and skin (melanoma) are the commonest sources of brain metastases, and in up to 15% of patients the primary site remains unknown. After the introduction of MRI, multiple lesions have outnumbered single le...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Soffietti R,Rudā R,Mutani R

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Lamotrigine (LTG) and valproate (VPA) are widely used in the treatment of generalized epilepsies. Nevertheless seizure aggravation with LTG has been reported in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and epilepsy with myoclonic absences. The aim of this study was to describe clinical features and EEG findings in patients ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Trinka E,Dilitz E,Unterberger I,Luef G,Deisenhammer F,Niedermüller U,Thaler C,Bauer G

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current findings suggest that multipotent stem cells may be suitable for cell replacement therapies in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells isolated from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation blastocyst, which give rise to all cells in the organism. Similar...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Gerlach M,Braak H,Hartmann A,Jost WH,Odin P,Priller J,Schwarz J

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Levodopa therapy is essential for patients in the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease. However, at early stages, DA agonist therapy has similar efficacy in the treatment of parkinsonism and a lower incidence of motor complications compared to levodopa therapy several years after the initiation of the therapy. The m...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kondo T

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) can be difficult to distinguish. There is an ongoing debate about the diagnostic value of the growth-hormone response to clonidine (CGH-test) in PD and MSA. We investigated whether the CGH-test can identify individual patients in the early stages of...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Strijks E,van't Hof M,Sweep F,Lenders JW,Oyen WJ,Horstink MW

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Continuous intrathecal administration of baclofen with implanted programmable pump systems is recommended in the treatment of severe spasticity of cerebral origin. Prior to pump implantation, a baclofen bolus test (BBT) is used to assess the effectiveness of intrathecal baclofen using the modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Pohl M,Rockstroh G,Rückriem S,Mehrholz J,Mrass G,Pause M

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the visual event-related potentials (ERPs) in two subtypes of multisystem atrophy (MSA) in 15 MSA-C patients, 12 MSA-P patients, and 21 normal control (NC) subjects. We used a visual oddball task to elicit ERPs. No significant changes were seen in N1 or N2 latency, in either MSA-C or MSA-P, compared wi...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kamitani T,Kuroiwa Y,Wang L,Li M,Suzuki Y,Takahashi T,Ikegami T,Matsubara S

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Ataxic polyneuropathy, which occurs in endemic form in an area in southwest Nigeria, is attributed to exposure to cyanide from cassava foods. Exposure to cyanide from cassava is, however, not exclusive to this endemic area. In this study, the occurrence of ataxic polyneuropathy was compared in two communit...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Oluwole OS,Onabolu AO,Cotgreave IA,Rosling H,Persson A,Link H

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Phase I/II studies of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for multiple sclerosis ( MS) were initiated, based on results of experimental transplantation in animal models of multiple sclerosis and clinical observations in patients treated concomitantly for malignant disease. PATIENTS:Eigh...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Fassas A,Passweg JR,Anagnostopoulos A,Kazis A,Kozak T,Havrdova E,Carreras E,Graus F,Kashyap A,Openshaw H,Schipperus M,Deconinck E,Mancardi G,Marmont A,Hansz J,Rabusin M,Zuazu Nagore FJ,Besalduch J,Dentamaro T,Fouill

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although post-stroke emotional incontinence (EI) often occurs after lenticulocapsular strokes, what factors determine the development of EI in these patients has not been identified. I prospectively studied the development of EI in 25 patients (13 men and 12 women, mean age 58.5 years) with single, unilateral, first-e...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kim JS

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The etiology of spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCAD) is unknown. An underlying connective tissue disorder has been suggested. As a collagen disease is conceivable several genes encoding fibrillar collagens have been condsidered as candidate genes for sCAD. We analysed the COL3A1 gene in patients with spontane...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： von Pein F,Välkkilä M,Schwarz R,Morcher M,Klima B,Grau A,Ala-Kokko L,Hausser I,Brandt T,Grond-Ginsbach C

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oculomotor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) is mainly characterized by a fragmentation of memory-guided gaze shifts (target is reached by several hypometric saccades). Since this phenomenon can also be observed in normal subjects, we scrutinized its pathophysiological significance in PD patients. We recorded ho...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kimmig H,Haussmann K,Mergner T,Lücking CH

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the peripheral nervous system (PNS) (nerve conduction velocity (NCV)) and the central nervous system (CNS) (basal ganglia-mediated psychomotor speed) in 93 males seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with no prior history of opportunistic brain disease, antiretroviral treatment or in...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： von Giesen HJ,Köller H,Hefter H,Arendt G

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of chronic subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). 18 consecutive severely affected PD patients were included (mean age, SD: 56.9+/-6 years; mean disease duration: 13.5+/-4.4 years). All the patie...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Thobois S,Mertens P,Guenot M,Hermier M,Mollion H,Bouvard M,Chazot G,Broussolle E,Sindou M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2 (PCH2) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder. We report two unrelated female patients born to consanguineous parents presenting with this condition. Patient 1 showed a classical clinical/neuroradiological phenotype of PCH2 with dyskinesia/dystonia. Patient 2 had a neonatal onset...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Grosso S,Mostadini R,Cioni M,Galluzzi P,Morgese G,Balestri P

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the Central Nervous System with multifocal areas of demyelination. Although its etiology and pathogenesis remain controversial, several lines of evidence indicate that MS is mediated by a misdirected immune response against one or several myelin proteins. The invol...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Correale J,de los Milagros Bassani Molinas M

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The seasonal occurrence of relapses was analysed retrospectively in a group of 53 patients with treated dermatomyositis (DM) or polymyositis (PM). In DM, the incidence of both myositic and cutaneous relapses was highest in summer whereas in the PM group relapses was more evenly distributed throughout the seasons but l...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Phillips BA,Zilko PJ,Garlepp MJ,Mastaglia FL

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BtxA) therapy in patients with atypical parkinsonian disorders (APD) exhibiting different types of disabling focal dystonia unresponsive to oral drug therapy. Eight patients with functionally disabling focal dystonia out of a series of 60 consecutive patients with APD...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Müller J,Wenning GK,Wissel J,Seppi K,Poewe W

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00